Lake Tanganyika: A Freshwater Inland Sea

Lake Tanganyika, a vast and ancient freshwater lake, is a true natural wonder of East Africa. It is the world’s second-oldest and second-deepest freshwater lake by volume, and the longest freshwater lake in the world. It is a part of the Great Rift Valley system and is shared by four countries: Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Burundi, and Zambia. While often overshadowed by the region’s famous wildlife parks, Lake Tanganyika offers a unique and serene experience, a world away from the dusty savannahs.

A Unique Ecosystem and Endemic Wildlife

Lake Tanganyika’s age and isolation have resulted in a unique ecosystem with an extraordinary level of biodiversity. It is home to over 350 species of fish, a remarkable 98% of which are endemic, meaning they are found nowhere else on Earth. Its most famous inhabitants are its colorful cichlid fish, which are highly sought after by aquarists around the world. The lake is also home to crocodiles, hippos, and a variety of aquatic birds.

Key Attractions on the Tanzanian Shore

The most accessible and well-developed tourist areas of Lake Tanganyika are on the Tanzanian side. Here, you will find two of the most unique and remote safari destinations in all of Africa.

Mahale Mountains National Park

Mahale is a breathtaking national park located on the eastern shore of the lake. It is one of the very best places in Africa to see chimpanzees in their natural habitat. The park is a lush, forested mountain range that rises steeply from the lake’s sandy beaches.

• Chimpanzee Trekking: The main attraction is trekking to see the world-famous chimpanzee community that has been habituated to human presence since the 1960s. The treks are guided and can be challenging, but the reward is an intimate and life-changing encounter.
• Water Activities: After a morning of trekking, you can relax on the beautiful beach, swim in the clear waters of the lake, or go kayaking and fishing.

Gombe Stream National Park

Gombe is the smallest of Tanzania’s national parks, but it is one of the most famous. It is where Dr. Jane Goodall conducted her groundbreaking research on chimpanzees.

• Chimpanzee Trekking: Gombe offers another chance to see chimpanzees in the wild. The park’s main attraction is the observation of the chimpanzee communities that have been studied for over six decades.
• Hiking: The park has a number of hiking trails that lead to various waterfalls and viewpoints, providing a good opportunity for birdwatching and exploring the forest.

Other Activities on the Lake

Beyond the national parks, Lake Tanganyika offers a variety of other activities.

• Diving and Snorkeling: With its crystal-clear water and a huge number of endemic fish, the lake is an excellent destination for snorkeling and freshwater diving.
• Fishing: The lake is home to a variety of fish species, and fishing excursions can be arranged.
• Relaxation: The shores of the lake offer a perfect place to relax, with sandy beaches and a serene atmosphere, a peaceful contrast to the high-energy safari experience.

A visit to Lake Tanganyika is an ideal way to add a different kind of wildlife and nature experience to a classic safari itinerary. It is a remote and beautiful destination that rewards those who are willing to go off the beaten path.