Drone Photography Rules in East Africa: A Guide for Tourists

Flying a drone in East Africa’s stunning landscapes can capture breathtaking footage, but it is a highly regulated activity. Each country—Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda—has its own set of rules and a strict permit process. In general, all three countries have very restrictive regulations on drone use, particularly for tourists and in national parks, due to concerns about wildlife, privacy, and security.

Here is a country-by-country breakdown of the general rules for tourists. It is crucial to note that these regulations can change, and you should always confirm the latest requirements with the relevant civil aviation authority or your tour operator before you travel.

Kenya

Kenya has some of the most stringent drone laws in East Africa. For a tourist, the process is complex and permission is not guaranteed.

• Permit Required: All drones, regardless of size or purpose, must be registered with the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA). You must also obtain a flying permit.
• Process: The process requires a security clearance, which can take several weeks or even months. You need to apply for a “Temporary Sojourn” permit.
• National Parks and Reserves: Flying a drone in national parks and game reserves is generally not allowed without explicit, high-level permission from the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS). This permission is extremely difficult to obtain for recreational purposes. The primary reason is to prevent the disturbance of wildlife, which can cause stress and disrupt their natural behavior.
• Consequences: Flying a drone without the proper permits can result in confiscation of the equipment, heavy fines, or even imprisonment.

Tanzania

Tanzania’s drone laws are also very strict, and flying a drone is effectively prohibited for tourists for both commercial and recreational use.

• Permit Required: It is illegal to import or operate a drone in Tanzania without a permit from the Tanzania Civil Aviation Authority (TCAA).
• Process: The application process is lengthy and challenging for tourists. You will need to provide detailed information about your drone, your flight plan, and your purpose for flying.
• National Parks and Reserves: The Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA) has a strict no-drone policy within all national parks and conservation areas, including the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater. This rule is rigorously enforced to protect wildlife from disturbance and to maintain the integrity of the safari experience.
• Consequences: Drones are often confiscated at the airport upon arrival. If you are found flying a drone illegally in the country, it will be seized, and you may face significant penalties, including fines or legal action.

Uganda

Uganda has historically had very restrictive drone laws, and while some regulations are being updated, it remains a challenge for tourists to fly drones legally.

• Permit Required: You must obtain permission from the Uganda Civil Aviation Authority (UCAA) to fly a drone. You may also need additional permission from the Ministry of Defense.
• Process: The process is complex and often requires a local sponsor or tour operator to assist. The required paperwork and fees can be substantial.
• National Parks and Reserves: The Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) has a general ban on drone use in all national parks, including Bwindi Impenetrable Forest and Queen Elizabeth National Park. This is to protect wildlife, particularly sensitive species like mountain gorillas and chimpanzees, from noise and stress.
• Consequences: Flying without the correct permits can lead to confiscation of the drone and serious legal consequences.

General Advice

Due to the strict regulations and potential for severe penalties, it is highly recommended that tourists do not bring a drone to East Africa unless they have secured all necessary permits well in advance. The process is lengthy, expensive, and often ends in a refusal. The best way to capture the beautiful scenery is with a high-quality camera and the guidance of your safari driver, who is an expert at finding the perfect photo opportunities.